温度和压力作用下软岩流变相似理论的研究及应用

Research and application of similarity theory for creep law under the action of temperature and pressure

分别利用方程推导法、量纲分析法推导出了温度和压力作用下软岩线弹性变形范围内及流变过程中的相似准则,并进行了简单分析。以抗压强度、抗拉强度、弹性模量、泊松比、内聚力、内摩擦角、导热系数相似准则为指导,制备了一种以石蜡为粘结剂、河砂为主要骨料的页岩相似材料,并测定了其力学参数及导热系数。通过实验数据与相似准则计算数据的比较,结果表明,此种页岩相似材料与页岩原型材料具有较高的相似性,相似准则对于模型实验开展具有重要的指导意义。研究丰富了软岩流变相似理论体系,对于深部软岩工程开挖及支护具有重要的实用价值。

With the increase of mining depth, temperature becomes one of the main factors that affect the deep mining engineering. Deep soft rock under complex environment such as high temperature and high pressure has significant characteristics of strong rheological and large deformation. The key to the support is to master the rheological law. In this paper, the similarity criterions of the elastic deformation range and the rheological process of the soft rock under the temperature and pressure are deduced by using the equation deduction and the dimensional analysis method, respectively. Based on the similarity criterion of compressive strength, tensile strength, elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, cohesion, internal friction angle and thermal conductivity, a kind of shale similarity with paraffin as binder and river sand as main aggregate is prepared, and the mechanical properties and thermal conductivity of the shale are compared with those of the similarity criterion. Results obtained show that the shale-like material has high similarity with the shale. By analyzing the similarity criterions, some guidance for model experiment can be provided. This study enriches the theory of rheological similarity of soft rock, and it is of great practical value for excavation and support of deep soft rock engineering.