基于均衡破岩量的TBM正滚刀多目标优化布局

Multi-objective optimization design of tunnel boring machine′s disc cutter layout based on balanced rock breaking quantity

全断面岩石掘进机(TBM)是高度自动化的隧道掘进机械设备,其滚刀布局设计是刀盘快速有效掘进的关键技术。通过对TBM刀盘滚刀基本布局原则的总结,结合现有螺旋线布刀规律的研究分析,提出了变速螺旋线滚刀布局设计方法。基于滚刀破岩量差异最小化思想对正滚刀布局建立多目标优化模型,采用极径与极角分步优化设计,利用遗传算法对正滚刀极径进行优化设计模型求解,再利用NSGA-Ⅱ算法对其极角多目标优化模型求解。以TB880E刀盘滚刀布局为算例,对其正滚刀布局优化设计进行分析,与原有刀盘滚刀布局对比得出:不平衡径向力下降了33.9%,刀盘倾覆力矩下降了78.1%,正滚刀破岩方差也有了很大程度地减小,优化结果更利于正滚刀的均衡磨损。滚刀整体布局质心也更靠近刀盘中心。

Full-face tunnel boring machine（TBM） is highly automated machinery and the design of TBM cutterhead layout is the key technology to obtain good tunneling performance. Through the summary of the basic layout principle of TBM cutterhead,and combined with the existing law of spiral line type of disc cutter layout, the design of variable-velocity spiral cutter layout was proposed. A multi-objective optimization model based on the idea of minimizing the variance of rock breaking quantity was established. To solve the model, genetic algorithm was adopted firstly to get the optimized value of disc cutter′s polar radius and the NSGA-II algorithm was used subsequently to get the optimized value of disc cutter′s polar angle. In order to verify the multi-objective optimization model the cutterhead of TB880E was selected as an engineering example. Compared with the original disc cutter layout the unbalanced radial force of the optimized cutterhead decreased by 33.9%, the overturning moment of it decreased by 78.1%, the rock breaking variance of disc cutter was reduced to a great extent. Furthermore the optimization result was beneficial to realize balanced wear of disc cutter and the overall of the optimized layout was closer to the cutterhead′ s center.