东迁、自选择与劳动力溢价:“孔雀东南飞”背后的故事

Eastbound Migration,Self-selection and Labor Premiums:The Story Behind“Peafowl Flies to the Southeast”

本文借助中国城乡迁移调查(RUMIC,2008)针对中西部农村迁移者的子数据集,检验劳动者东迁是否对应更高的劳动力溢价。分析将东迁者视为处置组,将内部流动者视为参照组,运用广义处置效应模型修正东迁与个体可观测特征和未观测特征有关的内生性。研究发现,考虑可观测特征,东迁带来较内部流动约30%的名义薪资升水;考虑未观测特征,名义薪资升水超过50%,薪资升水主要来自东部更强的规模经济效应。此外,东迁者获得规范的雇佣关系与从业保障,选择市场渠道择业的可能性更高,岗位搜寻成本更低。

Applying the sub dataset for the mid and western rural migrants in the Ruralto-Urban Migrants Survey in China（RUMIC,2008）,our study tests whether eastbound migration can produce labor premiums.The main findings are as follows：First,eastbound migration can produce about 30% nominal wage premium if individual observed features are considered,and the premium can exceed 50% if unobserved features are considered.The wage premiums are mainly generated from stronger scale economy in the east.Second,eastbound migration has more formal employment relationships or job guarantees,wider job market and lower job-seeking costs.