我国劳动力就业质量测度与地区差异分析——基于各省市2005—2014年面板数据的实证分析

Employment Quality Evaluation and Regional Difference Analysis for China's Labor Force——Empirical Analysis Based on Panel Data of Every Province and City during 2005-2014

就业是民生之本。党的十八大报告明确提出"要推动实现更高质量的就业",2017年政府工作报告提到广大民众关心的十大民生问题,就业位于首位,并提出"大力促进就业创业"。在结合国内外就业质量相关概念研究的基础上,构建了我国就业质量综合评价指标体系,并对2005—2014年我国30个省(市、自治区)的就业质量和地区差异进行分析,结果发现:我国就业质量总体偏低;各地区就业质量差异较大;就业质量无论是总体差距,还是组内差距、组间差距,整体上都是逐年递减的趋势。因此,各地区应该在政府工作报告指导下,继续实施积极的就业政策,加强就业公共服务,加大就业职业技能培训力度,并做好创业带动就业工作,在积极增加就业岗位的基础上,更加注重就业质量的提高。

Employment is the foundation of people＇s livelihood.18th CPC National Congress report presents that higher quality employment should be promoted.Employment is the most important question of the ten major livelihood issues the people concerned in the government work report 2017,and vigorously promote employment and entrepreneurship is presented here too.The comprehensive evaluation index system of employment quality in our country is constructed by combining the concept research of employment quality at domestic and abroad.The quality of employment and regional differences of 30 provinces（ municipalities,autonomous regions） during 2005-2014 are analyzed.The results show that the quality of employment in China is generally low,and the quality of employment varies greatly in different regions.The quality of employment,whether it is the overall gap,or within the group gap,the gap between groups,is on the whole declining trend year by year.Therefore,each region should act by the guidance of the government report,continue to implement a proactive employment policy,strengthen the public service employment,increase employment and occupation skills training and do pioneering work to improve employment,pay more attention to improve the quality of employment on the basis of positive increase jobs.