5083铝合金窄间隙MIG焊工艺研究

Study on Narrow-gap MIG Welding Process of 5083 Aluminium Alloy

对5083铝合金进行了窄间隙MIG焊接试验,采用正交试验得出各焊接参数对焊缝侧壁熔深的影响,通过单因素试验得到合适的预热温度。结果显示,焊接电流和焊接速度对焊缝侧壁熔深影响较大,焊接电压对焊缝侧壁熔深影响较小。随着焊接电流的增加,侧壁熔深增加;随着焊接速度的减小,侧壁熔深增加。预热使熔池向母材的散热速度变慢,散失的热量下降,有效增加侧壁熔深。较合适的焊接参数为焊接电流225 A,焊接速度4 mm/s,预热温度200℃。

The narrow-gap MIG welding tests of 5083 aluminium alloy were carried out. The influence of welding parameters on the weld quality was obtained by orthogonal tests and the influence of preheating temperature on the weld formation was obtained by single factor tests. The results show that the welding current and welding speed have great influence on the side wall penetration of the weld, and the welding voltage has little effect on the side wall penetration of the weld. With the increase of the welding current, the side wall penetration increases, and with the decrease of welding speed, the side wall penetration increases. Preheating makes the heat dissipation rate from weld pool to base metal and the heat loss decrease, and the side wall penetration is effectively increased. The suitable welding parameters are welding current of 225 A, welding speed of 4 ram/s, and preheating temperature of 200 ℃.