中国创意产品出口存在本地市场效应吗--基于新贸易理论的实证研究

Does the Export of Chinese Creative Products Have the Local Market Effect?—— Empirical Research Based on the New Trade Theory

以新贸易理论为视角,在对本地市场效应对出口贸易影响机理深入分析的基础上,通过对Schumacher(2003)检验本地市场效应的引力模型的修正,利用联合国贸发会议(UNCTAD)统计的2002-2015年中美创意产品双边贸易数据,对中国创意产品出口整体层面和分行业层面本地市场效应的存在性进行了实证检验。结果表明,除了新媒体和出版2类创意产品外,中国整体创意产品和包括工艺品、视听、设计、表演艺术与视觉艺术5类创意产品的出口中均存在显著的本地市场效应,本地市场效应已经逐渐取代传统要素禀赋成为中国创意产品出口优势和贸易竞争力形成的重要来源。当前阶段,中国应通过培育创意产品消费市场、营造创意人才生存环境、完善创意产业生产链条、促进创意产品出口结构升级等途径,扩大本地市场效应对中国创意产品出口的影响,获取创意产品出口竞争优势的持续提升。

From the perspective of the new trade theory, on the basis of deep analysis of the influential mechanism of the local market effect on export trade, by correcting the local market effect gravity model of the Schumacher（2003） test, this paper empirically tests the local market effect of the overall level and sub-industry level of Chinese creative product export, based on the bilateral trade data of UNCTAD＇ s Sino-US creative products for 2002-2015. The results show that, except for the new media and publishing, there is local market effect in the export of overall and 5 types creative product, including crafts, audio-visual, design, performing arts and visual arts. The local market effect has gradually replaced the traditional factor endowment, becoming an important source of China＇s creative products export and trade competitiveness. At the present stage, China should continuously cultivate and expand the domestic cultural market demand, create a living environment for creative strata to promote industrial agglomeration, and build a complete industrial production chain to promote the transfer of externalities. We need to abandon the traditional trade model and seek the upgrading of trade products structure to boost the impact of the local market effect on the export of Chinese creative products, therefore enhance the competitive edge in the international cultural creative market.