熊果酸和齐墩果酸的血管药理作用研究进展

Research progress on vascular pharmacologic effects of oleanolic and ursolic acids

熊果酸和齐墩果酸能对抗氧化型低密度脂蛋白(ox-LDL)、C-反应蛋白、非酶糖基化终产物、高糖、H2O2、脂多糖对血管内皮细胞的损伤,其血管药理作用是多方面的。熊果酸和齐墩果酸能抑制血管平滑肌细胞增殖,也能对抗血清、ox-LDL、高糖、瘦蛋白诱导血管平滑肌细胞增殖,从而产生血管保护作用和改善血管功能;减轻糖尿病大鼠的血管损伤,减轻球囊导管损伤引起的血管狭窄,抑制静脉桥移植后的血管壁炎症反应和血管外膜成纤维细胞增殖并防止血管狭窄,以及防止多种实验性动脉粥样硬化模型动物的血管狭窄;对血管内皮细胞有抑制增殖作用,也有对抗伤害因子抑制增殖或促进增殖的双向作用,因此对血管生成也有双向调控作用,能抑制角膜、糖尿病动物视网膜及肿瘤组织内的血管新生;还有扩张血管,降低血管阻力,对正常的和多种高血压动物有显著的降压作用。

Ursolic and oleanolic acids antagonize ox-LDL-, C-reactive protein-, non-enzymatic glycation end products-, hyper-glucose-, H2O2-, lipopolysaccharide-induced endothelial cell injury, and their vascular pharmacologic effects are in many ways. Ursolic and oleanolic acids can inhibit the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells, and antagonize serum-, ox-LDL-, hyper-glucose-, leptin-induced vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, thus produce vascular protection and improve vascular function; Ursolic and oleanolic acids can relieve diabetic vascular complication in diabetic mellitus rats, and vascular stenosis induced by carotid balloon catheter injury, and suppress the proliferation of vascular adventitial fibroblasts and prevent vascular stenosis induced by various experimental atherosclerosis models; they can also inhibit the proliferation of vascular endothelial cells, and have a dual action to antagonize inhibiting or promoting proliferation induced by various injurious factions. Thus they have a dual role of regulation in angiogenesis, and suppress angiogenesis of cornea, diabetic retina, and tumor tissues, have effects of vascular relaxation and resistance decrease, and have hypotensive effects in normal and various hypertensive animals.