缺眼蛋白的结构、功能与疾病

The Structure of Eyes Absent (Eya) and Its Functional Roles in Diseases

缺眼蛋白(eyes absent,Eya)是进化上高度保守的转录因子,首次在果蝇眼发育中被发现。后被证明,缺眼蛋白参与多种生物学过程,例如器官发育、先天免疫、DNA损伤修复、光周期、血管生成与肿瘤发生发展等。上述生物学功能与缺眼蛋白具有多种不同生化活性有关,包括转录激活活性、酪氨酸磷酸酶活性和苏氨酸磷酸酶活性。缺眼蛋白不同的生化活性存在于不同的结构域中。本文主要针对缺眼蛋白3个保守的结构域ED、PST、TPM以及它们在发育和疾病中的功能作简要综述。

The eyes absent（Eya） proteins are highly conserved transcription factors.Eya was first described in the eye development of Drosophila and it is now implicated in several biological processes,such as organ development,innate immunity,DNA damage repair,photoperiodism,angiogenesis and cancer metastasis.These functions are associated with an unusual combination of biochemical activities,including transcriptional activation,tyrosine phosphatase and threonine phosphatase activities.Different biochemical activities of Eya lie in its distinct conserved domains—eya domain（ED）,proline-serinethreonine-rich（PST） domain and threonine phosphatase motif（TPM）.This review aims to provide an overview of these three conserved domains and their functions in development and diseases.