五平行轴压缩机齿轮系统非线性动力学特性研究

Nonlinear Dynamics of the Gear System in Five Shaft Integrally Geared Centrifugal Compressor

齿轮啮合式多平行轴高端压缩机在现代能源装备中十分重要,具有效率高,造价低,结构紧凑优点,其重要特征是多个转子通过齿轮啮合而成,使得整个转子系统的动力学特性十分复杂,这也造成了齿轮非线性啮合特性会对机组工作性能产生明显的影响。以某五轴压缩机的齿轮系统为研究对象,建立考虑齿轮时变刚度,齿侧间隙以及齿轮啮合误差的系统动力学模型,并对建立的系统的模型进行了无量纲处理。利用数值分析方法计算分析了不同啮合频率以及不同负载作用下齿轮系统的响应特性及其复杂动力学行为。计算结果表明,由于轮齿间的啮合与冲击作用,齿轮系统会随着啮合频率的变化出现明显的非线性现象;通过控制负载可以减小齿轮的冲击现象,进而保证齿轮系统工作在特定的振动状态。

Integral gear assembly centrifugal compressor is critical in modern energy equipment field, which has advantages of high efficiency, lower cost and compact structure. The most important characteristic of its rotor system is its complicated dynamic characteristics due to the interaction of the multiple rotors in paralleled arrangement and coupled by different gears, which would make the performance of the equipment significantly influenced by the nonlinear characteristics of mesh force. In this paper, a dynamic model of the gear system in a five shaft integrally geared centrifugal compressor is proposed, where the time-varying stiffness, tooth backlash and the gear mesh errors are considered and the dimensionless method is applied. Then, the response characteristics and complex dynamics behaviors of the gear system are analyzed with different meshing frequencies and different loads with numerical analysis method. The result shows that the obvious nonlinear phenomena of the gear system are shown with the increasing meshing frequency. The impact between the gears could be reduced under controlled loading, which would ensure the gear system vibrate in a particular state.