三种城市不透水地表沉积物采样装置应用比较

Comparison of three sampling devices for urban impervious surface sediment

采用3种采样装置对不透水地表沉积物进行采样分析和比较。结果发现:单位面积SS累积采集量大小顺序为水洗采样装置、真空采样装置、框架采样装置;颗粒物样品中常规污染物总量大小顺序同样为水洗采样装置、真空采样装置、框架采样装置,但单位SS中常规污染物含量大小顺序为框架采样装置、真空采样装置、水洗采样装置,表明常规污染物大都存在于易于收集的地表颗粒物中。3种采样装置便携程度为框架采样装置、真空采样装置和水洗采样装置。实际应用时可依据采样距离、采样点地表性质和沉积物累积程度、样品保存和测定时限要求等情况选择不同的采样装置。

The urban impervious surface sediment samples were collected,analyzed and compared using three sampling devices,including washing sampling device,vacuum sampling device and frame sampling device. The results showed that the order of SS cumulants per unit area using different sampling devices was as follow： washing sampling device vacuum sampling device frame sampling device; the order of total amount of common pollutants in the sediment samples collected by different sampling devices was as follow： washing sampling device vacuum sampling device frame sampling device; however,the order of common pollutants content per unit SS cumulants was as follow： frame sampling device vacuum sampling device washing sampling device,indicating that most common pollutants might exist in the superficial particles that were easy to collection. The order of carrying convenient degree of three sampling devices is as follow： frame sampling device vacuum sampling device water sampling device. In the practical application,the sampling device should be determined according to sampling distance,surface properties of sampling site,sediment accumulation degree,and the requirements of sample preservation and detection time limitation.