现代汉语表被动的“遭”字句研究

A Study of the Passive Sentences of “Zao”(By) in Modern Chinese

表被动的"遭"字句在我们生活中使用的频率逐渐增加。常使用的结构类型可以归纳为六种,"遭"字在表达被动义时不仅保留了动词的词性,有时在特定的句式中还具有一定的介词性质;"遭"字句在语义上具有不如意的色彩,它的不如意性往往要求进入该句式的动词不能是褒义词。除此之外,这种不如意所涉及的对象不仅包括叙述对象,还包括说话者,并且带有说话者强烈的主观性。

The frequency of applying passive sentences of “Zao”（ by） in our lives is on a rise. Its common structures can be summarized into six kinds. When indicating the passive meaning, the word “Zao” （ by） remains the speech of the verb and also has certain prepositional properties in some specif-ic sentences. The passive sentences of “Zao”（ by） has a semantic tone of dissatisfaction, which requires no commendatory verbs can be used therein. In addition, the dissatisfaction, with a strong subjectivity of speakers, is not only related to the narrative objects, but also the speakers.