精神疾病患者心理弹性及人格特质对病耻感的影响

Effects of psychological resilience and personality traits on the stigma of mental illness

目的:探究精神疾病患者的心理弹性及人格特质对其病耻感的影响,为制定降低病耻感的策略提供科学依据。方法:采用"精神疾病患者病耻感评估量表"、"艾森克人格问卷简式量表中国版(EPQ-RSC)"、"心理弹性量表(CD-RISC)中文版"对50名恢复期精神疾病患者进行问卷调查。结果:精神疾病患者的病耻感平均分(M=28.06±1.87),与中等临界值25.5分差异无计学意义(t=0.75,P>0.05),56%的人高于临界值;人格特质维度的外倾与病耻感的社交因子(P<0.01)、能力因子(P<0.05)、病耻感总分(P<0.01)呈负相关;人格特质的神经质与病耻感各因子及病耻感总分呈正相关(P<0.01);心理弹性的坚韧性维度、自主性维度分别与病耻感各因子及病耻感总分呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论:精神疾病患者存在普遍的病耻感;精神疾病患者的心理弹性及人格特质与病耻感有一定相关性;精神疾病患者的心理弹性及人格特质分别作用于病耻感。

Objective To explore the effects of psychological resilience and personality traits on the stigma of mental illness, and to provide a scientific basis for the development of stigma-reducing strategies. Methods： The Self-Stigma of Mental Illness Scale, Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Short Scale for Chinese （EPQ- RSC）, and Chinese version of Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale （CD-RISC） were used to survey 50 patients in recovery from mental illness. Results： There was no significant difference between the mean score and medium critical value for the Self-Stigma of Mental Illness Scale （28.06 ± 1.87 vs 25.5, t = 0.75, P 〉 0.05）. In the 50 patients, 56% had scores above the critical value. In personality traits, extroversion was negatively correlated with the social factor, ability factor, and total score of stigma （P 〈0.01, P 〈 0.05, P 〈 0.01）, while neuroticism was positively correlated with all factors and the total score of stigma （P 〈 0.01）. In psychological resilience, tenacity and autonomy were negatively correlated with all factors and the total score of stigma （all P 〈 0.05）. Conclusions： Stigma is common in patients with mental illness. Psychological resilience and personality traits have a certain relationship with the stigma of mental illness. Psychological resilience and personality traits have independent effects on the stigma of mental illness.