血液系统恶性疾病中巨噬细胞的研究进展

Role of tumor-associated macrophages in hematological malignancies

巨噬细胞是微环境中重要成员,其表型、功能具有很强的异质性;近年的研究不仅揭示了稳态条件下不同亚群的形态、表型及功能特点,而且逐步阐明疾病状态下巨噬细胞的变化及作用机制.肿瘤微环境中的巨噬细胞称为肿瘤相关巨噬细胞(T A M s),参与肿瘤增殖、血管生成、浸润、转移及化疗抵抗.在血液系统恶性疾病中,巨噬细胞广泛浸润到淋巴瘤、骨髓瘤、白血病等恶性细胞累及的组织中,被恶性微环境异常活化,获得了特异的活化表型,并参与疾病进展.在淋巴瘤、骨髓瘤中习惯沿用T A M s的名称;在白血病中其名称引申为白血病相关巨噬细胞、急性白血病相关巨噬细胞或者"保姆样细胞".本文综述了血液系统恶性疾病中巨噬细胞的研究进展.

Macrophages constitute an important component of the microenvironment. They exhibit a remarkable plasticity in their phenotypes and functions. Recent studies have not only revealed the morphological, phenotypic, and functional characteristics of different macrophage subpopulations under physiological conditions but also clarified the mechanisms of alteration in macrophages under pathological conditions. Macrophages present in the tumor microenvironment are known as tumor-associated macrophages（TAMs）,which are involved in tumor proliferation,angiogenesis, invasion,metastasis, and chemotherapy resistance. In hematological malignancies, macrophages infiltrate into the tissues that are invaded by myeloma,lymphoma,leukemia,and other malignant cells,acquire a specific activated phenotype,and participate in the progression of the disease. The term TAMs is generally used in myeloma and lymphoma, and in leukemia,it is modified as leukemia-associated macrophages（LAMs）,acute leukemia-associated macrophages（AAMs）,or ＂nurse-like cells＂（NLCs）. This review summarizes the knowledge regarding the progression of macrophages in hematological malignancies.