坚守中国道路自信:对英国国家认同危机的反思

Standing Firm on the Chinese Path: Reflections on Great Britain's National Identity Crisis

国家认同是在社会建构下国民对自己归属于某个国家的确认和对国家的认可,同时兼具维护国家利益的自觉意识。对于多民族国家来说,作为一种集体现象的国家认同是保障国家稳定的必要条件,然而在某些因素的催化作用下,民族认同却可能与之发生冲突。本文以中国民族政策语境为观照,从比较视野出发,主要分析了英国苏格兰、北爱尔兰民族独立问题的形成因素,同时探讨英国面临国家认同危机的教训及对我国如何更好地加强国家认同、铸牢中华民族共同体意识、坚守中国特色解决民族问题的道路自信所具有的启示性意义。

National identity is a social construct in which the people of a given country acknowledge their belonging to and recognition of this country, while at the same time adopting a collective consciousness of protecting their national rights and interests. For multi-ethnic countries, as a phenomenon of the national collective, national identity is a necessary condition for the stability of a country. However, catalyzed by certain factors, national identity may conflict with maintaining stability. Based on the context of China＇ s ethnic policy, this article mainly analyzes the forming factors of national independence in Scotland and Northern Ireland and explores the lessons that Great Britain learned in facing its national identity crisis. In addition this article discusses how China can better strengthen its national identity, promote a strong sense of the Chinese community, and adhere to the socialism with Chinese characteristics creed to solve ethnic problems.