血小板新型活化受体CLEC-2和平足蛋白在肿瘤转移中的研究进展

Research Progress of New Platelet Receptor CLEC-2 and Podoplanin in Tumor Metastasis

平足蛋白(podoplanin,PDPN)是广泛表达在多种肿瘤细胞中的Ⅰ型跨膜糖蛋白。C型凝集素受体2(C-type lectin-like receptor-2,CLEC-2)属于Ⅱ型跨膜糖蛋白,是近年来发现的一种新型血小板表面活化受体,是PDPN的内源性受体,两者结合后可引起血小板活化聚集。聚集的血小板调节肿瘤细胞黏附到血管壁,逃避宿主免疫攻击,并释放一系列促进肿瘤细胞生长和转移的活性物质,从而形成新的转移灶,提示PDPN和CLEC-2可成为治疗肿瘤转移的新靶点。本文主要讨论了这两个靶点促进肿瘤转移的机制,并对其最近治疗进展加以总结和期望。

Podoplanin（PDPN）, a type- I transmembrane glycoprotein, was expressed in a variety of human tumor cells. C-type lectin-like receptor 2 （CLEC-2） is a type- Ⅱ transmembrane glycoprotein. It is a novel receptor for podoplanin, expresses on the surface of platelet and induces platelet activation by interacting with PDPN. Aggregated platelets coat tumor cells during their transit through the bloodstream and mediate adherence to vascular endothelium, evasion from immune molecules, and release of an array of bioactive molecules that facilitate tumor cell extravasation and growth at metastatic sites. It suggests that PDPN and CLEC-2 are promising targets for developing new therapies against cancer metastasis. This review will focus on the mechanisms of PDPN and CLEC-2 in tumor metastasis, summarize and outlook the recent progress of treatment.