论社团内部秩序的法治化

Legalization of the Social Group＇s Internal Order

社团内部秩序问题是社团研究的重要维度。社团权力的公权力属性、社团组织运行的寡头统治铁律和集体行动困境,为社团内部秩序的法治化提供了充分的理论根据。从兼顾和平衡社团自治和社团权力控制两种不同价值的立场出发,社团内部秩序的法治化应当遵循最低限度的法治原则,并具体体现于社员基本权利保障、社团内部选举和权力制约、社团权力司法审查等社团内部治理的各项制度之中。根据社团内部秩序法治化程度的差异,社团内部法治可以划分为社团内部的高度法治、中度法治和低度法治三种类型。社团的规模、性质、存在形态、强制程度、法律属性是决定社团内部实施何种法治类型的主要考量因素。处于前现代、现代、后现代并存格局的中国,面临规范、控制国家权力和社会权力的双重任务,建设法治社会是当下亟待解决的重要问题。

The internal order of a social group represents an important dimension to research on social groups. The social group＇s power as public power, and the iron law of oligarchy and the collective action dilemma faced by the social group provides an adequate theoretical basis for legalization of the social group＇s internal order. Proceeding from the stance of balancing the two values of autonomy and power control of the social group, the legalization of the social group＇s internal order should observe the principle of minimum rule of law and it should be embodied in the rules and regulations regarding pro- tection of the members＇ basic rights and interests, election and power con- straint within the social group, judicial review of the social group＇s power, and other aspects about the social group governance. Judging by the degree of legalization of the social group＇s internal order, there are three types of legali- zation, namely, high-level, moderate and low-level rule of law. The social group＇s scale, nature and form, law enforcement and property of law are the main considerations which determine which sort of rule of law should be a- dopted for the social group. In China where pre-modern, modern and postmodern patterns coexist, we face the dual task of regulating and controlling state power and social power; currently, the urgent issue faced by China is to build a society governed by law.