政治关联能改善基金会的资源状况吗?——来自中国305家基金会的实证研究

Do Political Connections Improve the Resource Condition of the Foundation？ An Empirical Study from China

本文通过手工收集中国305例基金会样本数据,实证检验了政治关联对基金会资源获取的影响模式。研究结果表明,政治关联对基金会政策资源获取不具有显著影响,而且这一结果不随基金会性质、行业以及基金会所处环境的市场化程度的变化而变化;政治关联对基金会捐赠资源,特别是国内自然人捐赠产生显著影响,且在公募基金会、公共服务类基金会以及市场化程度较低地区的基金会中表现得更加明显;政治关联幅度、强度对基金会资源获取的影响未能通过显著性检验。本文研究结论的政策含义在于：从政府的视角来看,政策的重点不是限制党政干部兼任基金会理事,而是如何规范党政干部的具体行为,防止党政干部借兼任理事之名谋取私利;从基金会的角度来看,在现行语境下,基金会可通过寻求建立政治关联,提升捐赠资源的动员能力。

Based on hand collected 305 sample data of China Foundation, this paper empirically tests the impact model of political connection on Foundation resource access. The results show that political connection does not have a significant impact on Foundation policy resource access, and this result will not vary with the changes of the nature of foundation, industry and the environment＇s market development degree foundation faced. Political connection has a significant impact on Foundation donated resource, especially the domestic natural person donation, and the impact is more evident in public raising foundation, public service foundation and foundations in areas with low degree of market development. The effect of political connection amplitude and magnitude on foundation resource access failed the test of significance. The conclusions have several policy implications. First, from the perspective of the government, the focus of policy is not to limit party and government cadres to be foundation director member, but how to regulate the behavior of party and government cadres, so as to prevent them obtaining improper personal gain in the name of director member. Second, by establishing political connection, foundation can enhance the capability to mobilize donated resource.