预付式消费模式的法律风险及防范对策

The Legal Risk of the Prepaid Consumption Pattern and the Countermeasures

预付式消费是建立在市场信用机制上的一种新型消费方式,具有合同权利证券化、合同内容定型化、合同履行时间较长等特征。预付式消费存在的法律风险包括部分发卡主体不具备发售预付卡资质、合同中的不公平格式条款制约着消费者的权益以及合同订立后部分经营者出现的违约行为。因此,应完善相关法律法规,加强对预付卡发行的监管;推行合同示范文本,规范格式条款的内容;构建债务履行担保机制,保障消费者的资金安全。

Prepaid consumption is a new type of consumption in the market credit mechanism;it has its own unique characteristics,namely,the securitization of contract rights,the finalization of contract content,and the long-term nature of contract performance.There is legal risk in prepaid consumption：before the conclusion of the contract,the card issuer does not have the pre-sale card qualification;in the conclusion of the contract,the unfair format clause restricts the rights of consumers; after the contract is concluded,some operators will be in breach of contract.Therefore,we need to improve the relevant laws and regulations,and strengthen the supervision of prepaid card issuance;to implement the contract model text,and standard format provisions of the content;to build debt guarantee mechanism,and protect the financial security of consumers.