我国老年营养不良对治疗服务利用和费用的影响分析

Analysis on the Impact of Malnutrition on Outpatient and Inpatient Costs among the Elderly in China

目的:研究我国老年营养不良对治疗费用的影响,了解干预重点和方向,提出相关政策建议。方法:根据体质指数、减重和握力下降定义营养不良,通过多元回归分析探讨营养不良对门诊及住院费用和服务利用的影响。结果:我国29.93%的老年人存在营养不良。营养不良导致老年人月人均门诊次数增加17%,月人均门诊费用上升9%;导致老年人年人均住院次数增加32%,年人均住院费用上升31%。总体上,老年营养不良导致我国2015年治疗费用增加458.4亿元(其中门诊增加134.7亿元,住院增加323.7亿元)。结论:我国老年营养不良状况显著增加了治疗费用,因此,应从多角度关注我国老年人的营养问题,加大营养支持干预的资金投入,并采取积极有效的综合措施应对。

Objectives： It studied the impact of malnutrition on outpatient and inpatient cost among the elderly in China, focus on possible policy interventions and directions and provide related policies. Methods： Malnutrition was defined by body mass index, weight loss and reduced handgrip strength. Multivariate regressions were used to analyze the impact of malnutrition on outpatient and inpatient cost. Results： About 29.93% of the Chinese elderly were malnourished. Malnutrition resulted the increase of individual＇s average outpatient visits and cost per month by 17% and 9% respectively. In addition, malnutrition resulted the increase of individual＇s average number of hospital admissions and inpatient cost by 32% and 31% respectively average year. Overall, the malnutrition of the elderly contributed to the increase of 45.84 billion yuan for hospital costs in 2015 （outpatient cost of 13.47 billion, inpatient cost of 32.37 billion）. Conclusion： Malnutrition increased heahhcare costs significantly for the elderly in China. More money should be in- vested to support nutrition interventions. Positive and effective comprehensive measurements were applied to deal with the problems.