基于DPSIR和云模型的矿业城市生态安全评价

Ecological Security Assessment of Mining Cities Based on DPSIR Model and Cloud Model

矿业城市属于矿产资源开发驱动型城市,其生态系统较一般城市更加复杂与脆弱。从分析矿业城市生态环境质量演变的驱动力(D)-压力(P)-状态(S)-影响(I)-响应(R)关联模式出发,构建了基于DPSIR模型的矿业城市生态安全评价指标体系,提出以矿产类型指数来综合表征区域矿产资源开发种类、开采方式和开采强度,以企业规模指数来综合反映区域矿业企业技术现代化程度和装备先进程度。同时针对评价过程中存在的不确定性特点,引用云模型表征指标权重和进行综合评价运算,充分考虑了评价过程中存在的随机性和模糊性。湖北省大冶市生态安全评价结果表明,大冶市生态安全整体处于"较安全"状态,但仍有3个指标"较不安全",2个指标"不安全",评价结果与实际情况基本符合。

Due to mining cities belonging to the driven cities of mineral resources development, the ecosystem is more complex and fragile than other general cities. Based on the analysis of the correlation model which is the evolution of ecological environment and quality of the driving force （D）, pressure （P）, status （S）, influence （I） and response （R） in mining cities, the index system of ecological security assessment in mining cities was constructed by DPSIR model. And the mining type indexes were proposed to comprehensively represent the developed types, mining modes and mining intensity of regional mineral resources, as well as the enterprise scale indexes were used to comprehensively reflect the modern degree of technology and the advanced degree of equipments in regional mining enterprises. Meanwhile, aiming at the uncertain characteristics in the process of assessment, cloud model was applied to represent index weight and then to conduct comprehensive assessment calculation, fully considering the actual existing randomness and ambiguity in the process of assessment. The ecological security assessment results in Daye City of Hubei Province indicated that the ecological security of this city was in a ＂relatively safety＂ state, but there were still three indexes in ＂less safety＂ state and two indexes in ＂unsafety＂ state. The assessment results almost matched with the actual situation.