煤烟型大气污染对儿童呼吸系统疾病及症状影响研究

Effects of air pollution from coal-burning on respiratory diseases and symptoms in children

采用现场流行病学调查 ,对太原市大气污染程度不同的 3个地区的小学生进行了健康问卷调查和五官检查 ,研究结果表明 :重 (中 )污染区儿童鼻炎、咽喉炎、扁桃体炎发病率分别大于相对清洁区 ,3个研究区域比较差异有极显著性 (P <0 0 1) ;儿童呼吸道症状的发生率和呼吸道疾病患病率表现为重污染区和中污染区较为接近 ,但明显高于相对清洁区 ,且有显著性差异 (P <0 0 5 )。Logistic分析结果显示儿童咳嗽、咳痰症状发生的危险性表现为重度污染区是相对清洁区的 1 6 4～ 2 92倍 ,中度污染区是相对清洁区的 1 83～2 2 7倍。儿童呼吸系统疾病发生的危险性表现为重度污染区是相对清洁区的 2 6 2～ 5 6 8倍 ,中度污染区是相对清洁区的 1 40～ 4 46倍。

To study effects of air pollution from coal-burning on children's health of 6-13 years old, A cross sectional epidemiological study was carried out in three places in Taiyuan city with different degrees air pollution by questionnaire and testing children's nasal cavity and oral cavity. The result showed that the incidence of rhinitis, faucitis and tonsillitis increased significantly with the extent of air pollution. The risk of the prevalence of respiratory symptoms and diseases were also increased among those children living in the area with heavy ambient air pollution.