鲁迅“唐人始有意为小说”说补论——基于学术史的讨论

A Supplementary Study of Lu Xun's Theory of “the Start of Creating Fictions Consciously in Tang Dynasty”

鲁迅先生关于唐人传奇性质与地位的判断构成二十世纪以来中国文学史、小说史之常识,而近年来部分学者对此提出质疑,其质疑主要集中于两个方面:传奇源自汉魏"志怪"与"始有意为小说"。其实,"志怪"与"杂传"并不是一个逻辑层面的概念,两说并不矛盾。鲁迅立足于现代立场对于唐人小说中成就最高的部分——传奇文进行文体性质的追认,符合文学发展的基本历史,也符合文学研究与人类认识的一般规律,有其鲜明的合理性。

Lu Xun＇s opinion on the nature and status of Tang legend has become the convention in Chinese literature history and Chinese fiction history since the twentieth century. However, recent years some scholars have questioned this idea. The queries mainly concentrate on two aspects： the views that legends derive from the ＂records of mystery＂ in Han-Wei dynasty and ＂the start of creating fictions consciously＂. In fact, ＂records of mystery＂ and ＂the miscellaneous biography＂ are not in the same logical level, so they are not contradictory. Based upon the modern standpoint, Lu Xun＇ s ratification of the legend text＇ s style, the most achievable part of Tang fictions, conforms to the basic history of literary development, as well as the general law of the literary research and human cognition, which also features its unique rationality.