Effects of dietary fresh fermented soybean meal on growth performance, ammonia and particulate matter emissions, and nitrogen excretion in nursery piglets

日粮中新鲜发酵豆粕对保育猪生长性能、氨气和颗粒物排放以及氮排泄的影响（英文）

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of fresh fermented soybean meal（FSM） on the growth performance of nursery piglets, nitrogen excretion in feces, and the concentrations of ammonia（NH3） and particulate matter（PM） in the piggery. A total of 472 nursery piglets（Landrace×Yorkshire,（16.3±0.36） kg body weight） were randomly allocated into two treatments with 236 pigs in each treatment. The pigs were fed the basal diet without fresh FSM（control） or diet containing 10%（100 g/kg） fresh FSM（FSM group）, and the crude protein content of the two groups was consistent. The feeding trial lasted for 28 d. The results showed that the pigs fed fresh FSM had increased（P〈0.05） average daily gain（ADG） compared with the control. There was no significant difference（P〈0.05） in feed to gain ratio（F：G） between the two groups. During the whole experiment, the concentration of NH3 in the piggery decreased（P〈0.05） by 19.0%, and the concentrations of PM（PM（10） and PM（2.5）） in the piggery decreased（P〈0.05） by 19.9% and 11.6%, respectively, in the FSM group, compared with the control. The ammonia nitrogen and nitrite content in feces increased（P〈0.05） by 32.9% and 28.4%, respectively, in the FSM group. The fecal p H declined（P〈0.05） significantly in the FSM group compared with the control. At the end of experiment, total protein（TP） concentration was increased（P〈0.05） significantly and blood urea nitrogen（BUN） concentration was decreased（P〈0.05） for pigs fed the diet with fresh FSM. The results indicated that dietary fresh FSM not only improved the growth performance of nursery piglets, but also reduced the NH3 concentration in the piggery due to nitrogen conversion, and decreased the concentrations of PM（10） and PM（2.5） in the piggery.

目的:评估日粮中新鲜发酵豆粕对仔猪生长的促进作用及对畜舍空气质量的改善作用。创新点:首次证实新鲜发酵豆粕的使用可提高仔猪对日粮氮的利用,降低氮排泄以及降低畜舍氨气和颗粒物浓度。方法:选择日龄相近的472头保育仔猪(长×大二元杂交,体重(16.3±0.36)kg),随机分为两组,每组236头。对照组饲喂不添加新鲜发酵豆粕的基础日粮,试验组饲喂添加10%新鲜发酵豆粕的日粮(FSM组),两组日粮的粗蛋白含量一致。试验期28天,试验期间监测畜舍氨气和颗粒物浓度(图1和2),试验结束采样进行化学检测。结论:与对照组相比,FSM组的平均日增重显著提高(P<0.05)。在整个实验过程中,与对照组相比,FSM组猪舍中NH_3浓度下降了19.0%(P<0.05),颗粒物(PM_(10)和PM_(2.5))浓度分别下降了19.9%(P<0.05)和11.6%(P<0.05)。FSM组粪便中氨态氮和亚硝酸盐含量分别增加了32.9%(P<0.05)和28.4%(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,FSM组粪便p H值明显下降(P<0.05)。试验结束时,FSM组的总蛋白浓度显著增加(P<0.05),血清尿素氮(BUN)浓度降低(P<0.05)。结果表明,日粮中新鲜发酵豆粕不仅提高了保育猪的生长性能,而且减少了粪便中氮向NH_3的转化,降低了畜舍中PM_(10)和PM_(2.5)的浓度。