英国城市绿地标准及其编制步骤

A Review of Green Space Standard and Its Preparation in the UK

首先简要回顾了英国各类城市绿地类型的起源,继而讨论绿地标准概念的出现、发展,以及国家级和地方级的分类标准和标准的核心内容。就编制绿地标准而言,地方政府须严格遵循五个步骤,即:调查居民所需、评估绿地现状、设定绿地标准、运用标准和编制绿地标准规划文件。文章以欧洲最"绿"城市谢菲尔德为例,讨论了绿地标准的编制过程在实践中的运用。最后小结指出英国绿地标准及其编制步骤的体系较为成熟,既严谨又灵活,在国家统一框架下又因地制宜,从而提升了英国城市绿地规划建设水平,值得借鉴。

The paper reviews the brief history of green space standard system in the UK, including its emerging, development, typology and core issues. As required by relevant national guidance, the local councils have responsibility to produce local green space standards and strategies, in five strict allocated steps： understanding requirements of local residents, assessing current situation, setting local green space standards, applying standards, producing green space standards planning documents. The ＇Greenest＇ city in Europe, Sheffield, is used as a case study, through which the process of producing local green space standards is discussed. The paper concludes that current green space standard system in the UK is mature, which is strict, in terms of national preparation requirements, and flexible to be applied locally. This system has improved the green spaces in cities since it had been introduced, which are valuable referential experience.