鸢尾素(Irisin)与能量代谢相关研究进展

The Research Progress on Irisin and Energy Metabolism

Irisin是2012年被发现并报道的一种肌肉因子。Irisin在发现之初被确认具有促进白色脂肪组织的棕色化、加快机体能量消耗、调节能量代谢、并改善胰岛素抵抗的生物学作用。随后调查研究表明irisin在神经系统疾病,心血管疾病,非酒精性脂肪肝及肿瘤中也扮演了重要的角色。由于irisin的广泛活性,对其来源及其调控因素的探索可能会为疾病症状的改善提供途径。骨骼肌、白色脂肪组织等均能够合成并分泌irisin,而骨骼肌是其主要来源。骨骼肌分泌irisin活动受到运动、环境温度等因素的影响。其中运动对irisin分泌的影响是复杂的,如运动强度、持续时间、频率均与irisin血清浓度具有相关性,这也导致了不同运动过程使irisin血液水平展现不同变化。Irisin参与骨骼肌、脂肪、骨、胰腺的细胞增殖、分泌等活动。为了描述细胞中实现这些功能的物质基础,irrisin信号通路下游信号分子需要被探索,这类分子已报道的有AMPK、ERK、STAT3等。但是,目前irisin与PCG1α的关系,irisin受体的活性等问题还需要进一步实验的阐明。

Irisin is a myokine which has been recognized and published in 2012. It has been paid an extensive attention because of its splendid performance in the nal study, irisin has been confirmed that it can accelerate regulation of energy expenditure. In the origithe browning of white adipose tissue and improve the resistance of insulin. In fallowing researches, the data show that irisin play an important role in neurological system diseases, cardiovascular disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and tumour. It is the importance that the extensive activity of irisin shows in pathological or physical process. The research achievement on what tissues secret irisin and how to control irisin serum level will be useful for improvement of symptom of metabolic disease. There are many kinds of tissues secreting irisin, such as skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, but skeletal muscle is the primary origin for irisin. The action of skeletal muscle secreting irisin is regulated by various factors, for instance exercise, and cold stimulation. To analyze the relationship between exercise and irisin, it can be seen that the intensity, duration or frequency of exer- cise is able to affect the serum level of irisin. This is the reason why the different kinds of exercise lead the irisin serum level to show the different phenotype. Irisin function also refers to ceils proliferation and cells metabolism in skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, bone and pancreas. In order to describe the processes trigged by irisin, the downstream regulators of irisin signal were explored, some are reported, such as AMPK, ERK, STAT3, etc. However, there are still some questions, what is the relationship between irisin and PCG1α, what is the irisin receptor, needed to be explored further.