静坐和运动时间与视网膜血管管径的相关性

Effects of Sedentary Behavior and Physical Activity on the Caliber of Retinal Microvessels in Chinese Adults

目的：探讨静坐和运动时间与视网膜血管管径的相关性。方法：横断面研究。收集2008年3月至2017年7月在广州市第十一人民医院体检的40岁及以上、未发生过全身重大心脑血管事件的公务员6560名，对该群体静坐时间、高强度运动（指使呼吸比平常明显急促的运动，如快跑、游泳、打篮球等）、中等强度运动（指使呼吸比较急促的运动，如打太极拳、踢毽子、正常速度骑单车等）和走路时间等生活习惯进行问卷调查，通过眼底照相和有效的眼底血管分析方法测量视网膜动静脉管径。利用单变量线性回归进行混杂因素的筛选，在校正年龄、性别、血压（包括收缩压和舒张压）、吸烟、饮酒等因素后，采用多重线性回归模型分析静坐和运动时间与视网膜血管管径的相关性。结果：共纳入5857名参与者，在校正了年龄、性别、血压等传统心血管疾病危险因素之后，结果显示静坐时间与视网膜中央动脉管径相关且为视网膜中央动脉管径狭窄的危险因素（β=-0．29，P=0．032），高强度运动、中等强度运动和行走时间对视网膜血管并无保护作用。结论：静坐时间是视网膜动脉管径狭窄的危险因素，运动对视网膜动静脉管径并无明显影响。

Objective： To explore the association between sedentary behavior, physical activity and retinal microvessels caliber in normal people. Methods： In this cross-sectional study, 6 560 participants, age t〉 40 years （range 40-87 years） were recruited from March 2008 to July 2017. The calibers of retinal microvessels were graded using retinal photography, and each participant＇s self-reported sedentary behavior and physical activity time were obtained through an extensive questionnaire. Physical activity was classified as high-intensity activity （running, swimming and basketball）, moderate-intensity activity （Taichi, shuttlecock kicking and cycling） and low intensity activity （walking）. Multivariate linear regression was used to explore the relationship between life activity habits and retinal microvessel caliber. Results： After exclusion of some recruited particpants for different reasons, 5 857 subjects were inclinded in the final analysis. After adjustment for age, gender, body mass index, blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, smoking status,and drinking status, the sedentary time was negatively associated with the caliber of the central retinal arterioles （13=-0.29, P=0.032）. There was no significant association between physical activity and retinal vascular caliber. Conclusions： Sedentary time was significantly and independently associated with a decrease in the caliber of central retinal arterioles. The results suggest that sedentary behavior probably increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases among Chinese adults.