不同手术方式对乳腺癌患者的心理影响及相关护理对策分析

Psychological Influence of Different Surgical Methods on Breast Cancer Patients and Related Nursing Countermeasures

目的:探讨不同的手术方式对于乳腺癌患者所产生的心理影响及其相关的护理措施。方法:选取2014年3月~2016年4月某院收治的乳腺癌患者80例,按照使用手术方式的不同将其分为观察组和对照组,每组各40人,观察组患者所使用的手术方式为改良根治术,对照组患者所使用的手术方式为保乳术。通过症状自评量表(SCL-90)和特质应对方式问卷(TCSQ)对两组患者的心理状况进行比较和分析。结果:将两组患者在使用SCL-90评分中的5个不同方面的评分进行比较后可知,观察组患者中的各个不同方面的评分均高于对照组,差异显著,具有统计学意义,P<0.05;将两组患者的TCSQ得分情况进行比较后可以得出,观察组患者的积极应对得分明显低于对照组,消极应对得分明显高于对照组,差异显著,具有统计学意义,P<0.05。结论:对乳腺癌患者使用不同的手术方式进行治疗,不但会对患者治愈后的生活水平产生影响,也将引发患者更多的疾病,对其带来生理和心理上的伤害。对患者开展不同的护理措施,可以有效地改善患者的心理状态。

Objective：To explore the psychological influence of different surgical methods on breast cancer patients and related nursing countermeasures.Methods：80 cases of breast cancer patients treated in a hospital from March 2014 to April 2016 were selected and divided into observation group and control group according to different methods of surgery,with 40 cases in each group. The operative method of the patients in the observation group was modified radical mastectomy, and the operation method used in the control group was breast conserving surgery.The psychological status of two groups of patients was compared and analyzed by the symptom checklist （SCL-90） and the trait coping style questionnaire （TCSQ）.Results： Two groups of patients in the 5 different aspects of SCL-90 score were compared.After that, the scores of different aspects in the observation group were all higher than those in the control group, the difference between the two groups was significant,with statistical significance （P 〈 0.05）. Compared the TCSQ scores of two groups of patients,it can be concluded that the positive coping scores of the patients in the observation group were signifi cantly lower than those in the control group, and the negative coping scores were significantly higher than those of the control group,the difference between the two groups was significant, with statistical significance （P〈0.05）. Conclusion：For breast cancer patients using different surgical treatment will not only affect the cure of life after level, will also lead to more patients with diseases, and the physiological and psychological harm.The different nursing measures on patients can effectively improve the psychological status of the patients.