从“左派幼稚病”到“机会主义”:苏联被“私有”的政治经济线索

From Left-Wing Communism to Opportunism: Political Economic Evolution of “Privatization” of USSR

从十月革命爆发到苏联解体的大半个世纪中,随着苏联共产党逐渐放弃了马克思列宁主义和党的建设,公共权力不可遏制地与公有财产共同滑向了寡头形式。这一由"公"转"私"的过程贯穿了苏联(俄)的政治经济演变史。一方面,"左派幼稚病"患者以教条主义和脱离实际的乐观,不断阻碍社会主义制度的改革探索;另一方面,作为"机会主义者"的"党-国"精英阶层又不断"垄断"公权力并最终在解体中获利和"转型"。这条跨度将近70年的从"左"到右的线索虽然联系着两个截然相反的错误方向,却都来源于苏联共产党对自身建设的忽视以及由此导致的公权力腐化。这条线索是对本世纪共产党和社会主义国家的警示,必须从中总结教训,以实事求是的方法、自我净化的态度坚持走出一条具有生命力的社会主义发展道路。

In more than half a century, from the outbreak of October Revolution to the collapse of the Soviet Union, as the Soviet Communist Party gradually abandoned Marxism-Leninism, together with public property pubic power toppled toward oligarchy. This transition from ＂public＂ to ＂private＂ ran through the political economic evolution of the Soviet Union（Russia）. On one hand, the radical leftists, dogmatic and unrealistically optimistic,persistently hampered the reform of socialist system. On the other hand, as the ＂opportunists＂, the elites of the Party and state monopolized public power and eventually took advantage and ＂ made transformation＂ in the collapse of the Soviet Union. This evolution of nearly seventy years from ＂left＂ to ＂right＂ went badly wrong in two opposite directions, but it actually resulted from the Soviet Communist Party＇s neglect of its own construction and resulting corruption. This is a warning to the communist parties and socialist countries in this century. They all have to learn from the history of Soviet Union, and hack out a prospective socialist development road with realistic approaches and self-purification attitude.