生存型创业向机会型创业转化的机制与路径

On the Transform Mechanisms and Paths from Necessity Entrepreneurship to Opportunity Entrepreneurship

党的十九大报告强调要加快创新型国家建设,不断增强我国经济创新力和竞争力。本研究基于认知动机理论与认知差异理论,揭示了创业动机差异、创业认知差异和创业自我效能感差异是生存型创业与机会型创业分化的深层次原因。进而提出了构建引导与扶持、减震与托底、引领与孵化和示范与集聚等四大转化机制,实施创业转型支撑计划、创业质量引领工程和创业继续教育工程等三条路径,提升生存型创业者的创业自我效能感,激发其创业动机由生存型向机会型转化,继而实现由生存型创业向机会型创业转型发展。

The Report to the Nineteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China has emphasized that we must speed up the construction of an innovation oriented country and enhance China＇s economic innovation and competitiveness constantly in.Our study reveals that the differences on entrepreneurial motivation,entrepreneurial cognitions and entrepreneurial self-efficacy are the profound causes of differentiation between necessity entrepreneurship and opportunity entrepreneurship.And then,we put forward the four transform mechanisms including guidance and support,security and underpinning,leading and hatching and demonstration and agglomeration and three paths consisting of entrepreneurship transformation support program,entrepreneurship quality leading engineering and entrepreneurial education continuing education program to elevate necessity entrepreneurs＇ entrepreneurial self-efficacy,stimulate necessity entrepreneurs＇ entrepreneurial motivation and behaviour transforming fom necessity entrepreneurship to opportunity entrepreneurship.