新型图像技术在农作物病害监测预警中的应用与展望

The application and perspective of new imaging technology in detection of plant diseases

农作物早期病害的监测预警可以实现及早干预、针对防治的目的,是现代农业发展的核心。光谱成像技术和红外热成像技术具有无损、快速、灵敏的特点成为农作物病害无损检测中近年来研究的热点。本文首先分别介绍了光谱成像技术和红外热成像技术的工作原理及特点,综述了国外在农作物病害无损监测中的研究进展,以及光谱成像技术、红外热成像技术在我国农作物病害监测中的应用。分析了光谱成像技术和红外热成像技术对农作物病害的监测机理,指出应遵循农作物感染病害从潜育期到发病期农作物生命活动的变化特征,抓住感染病害后农作物的温度、颜色、病斑等特征参量,综合利用红外热成像和光谱成像等技术对感染农作物进行复合监测是对农作物病害进行早期无损监测的发展方向。

Detection and alerting of plant diseases at early stage can contribute to early intervention, target preven- tion and control of plant infection, which have become the core technology in the modem agriculture. Spectral imaging technology and infrared thermal imaging technology have become hot spots in the field of nondestructive testing of crop diseases in recent years due to they are nondestructive, rapid and sensitive. In this paper, we first introduce the principle and characteristics of spectral imaging technology and infrared thermal imaging technology respectively. And then we review its research progress at home and abroad in details. We also analyze the monitoring mechanism of the spectral imaging technology and infrared imaging technology in detection of crops diseases, and point out that the variation characteristics of crops should be followed as infection diseases come from incubation period to the onset period of crop life. We suggest that the comprehensive utilization of infrared thermal imaging and spectral imaging technology in the infected plant complex monitoring based on the temperature, color and ill spot etc. Characteristic parameter is the development direction of early non-destructive monitoring of crop diseases.