纳米技术在抗脑卒中治疗中的应用进展

Application progress of nanomedicines in the treatment of stroke

脑卒中是神经科的常见多发病,严重影响人们的正常工作和生活质量,并带来沉重的社会负担。因此,人们在不断寻找、开发治疗脑卒中的药物。但是由于药物的药动学性质的缺陷,如溶解度低、半衰期短及难以透过血脑屏障,造成生物利用度低而限制了其临床应用。因此,研究者试图通过对药物剂型的改善而克服上述的缺陷,以研制出治疗卒中疗效更好的药物。新近发展的纳米医学以及纳米技术在此领域的应用,可望改善上述缺陷,是当今研究的热点。本文从中药成分的纳米化与各类纳米载药体系(包括高分子纳米载药体系、金属纳米载体、纳米纤维以及其他新型纳米载药技术)着手,综述及展望了纳米科技在抗脑卒中治疗中的研究进展,为抗卒中药物的研发提供理论基础。

Stroke is a common and frequently occurring disease in neurology,which seriously affects people＇s normal work and quality of life,and also brings heavy social burden.Therefore,people are constantly searching for and developing drugs for the treatment of stroke.However,due to their poor pharmacokinetic properties,numerous drug candidates are limited in their clinical application.For instance,they might have low solubility,short half-time and weak ability in permeating blood-brain barrier（BBB） which leads to the low bioavailability and biocompatibility.Therefore,researchers have tried to overcome the above shortcomings by improving the dosage form of drugs,so as to develop a better drug for the treatment of stroke.This article reviews the progresses in the stroke therapy concerning nanotechnology,in terms of the nano composition of traditional Chinese medicine,nano-drug delivery system,metal nanoparticles and nano-fiber and other novel nanomedicines.The research progress of nanotechnology in the treatment of stroke is reviewed and prospected,which provides a theoretical basis for the research and development of anti stroke drugs.