真假密胺餐具中有害物质的迁移规律研究

Study of Migration Rule of Hazardous Substance in Melaminoplastic Tablewares

采用分光光度法和高效液相色谱法,研究了在酸性介质中,真假密胺餐具经不同温度、不同时间浸泡后甲醛和三聚氰胺单体的迁移规律。结果表明:密胺餐具中甲醛和三聚氰胺单体的迁移量随着浸泡温度的升高和时间的延长而增加,脲醛餐具中甲醛单体的迁移量亦随着浸泡温度的升高和时间的延长而增加,且其迁移量远大于密胺餐具。在酸性介质中,高温和长时间浸泡均能使密胺餐具中甲醛和三聚氰胺单体迁移量显著增加,综合来看,密胺餐具最安全的使用温度为不超过60℃。脲醛餐具中的甲醛单体更易迁移到食品中,特别是在高温、酸性条件下,其甲醛单体的迁移量远远大于密胺餐具,建议消费者慎用脲醛餐具。

By spectrophotometry and high-perfomaance liquid chromatography （HPLC）, migration rule of formaldehyde and melamine monomer in true and false melamine tableware was studied, after different temperature and soaking time in acid medium. The test results showed that the migration quantity of formaldehyde and melamine monomer in melamine tableware increased with the increase of soaking temperature and the extension of time. The migration quantity of formaldehyde monomer in urea-formaldehyde tableware also increased with the increase of soaking temperature and the extension of time, but the migration quantity was much higher than that in melamine tableware. In acid medium, high temperature and long time soaking could make a significant increase of formaldehyde and melamine monomer in melamine tableware, therefore, the most safe use temperature was not more than 60 ℃. Formaldehyde monomer in urea-formaldehyde tableware was easier to migrate to food, especially under the condition of high temperature and acid medium. The migration quantity of formaldehyde monomer was far greater than that in melamine tableware, so the consumers should be careful with the use of urea-formaldehyde tableware.