吕梁红枣精油提取工艺探究

Study on Extraction Technology of Essential Oil from Lvliang Jujube

红枣精油是红枣中的一种具有特殊气味、常温下具有挥发性的物质,它具有很高药用价值和保健性能,有使血中含氧量增强、滋养全身细胞的作用,它是一种药效缓和的强壮剂,也有镇咳、驱风、防止心血管疾病、提高免疫力、健胃等作用。文章采用索氏提取法,以无水乙醇为溶剂对红枣干粉进行提取,并通过料液比、提取时间,提取温度的改变研究其对精油得率的影响。结果表明,提取温度85℃,提取时间2 h时,最佳料液比为1︰4.5,此时精油得率27.1%;固定最佳料液比1︰4.5,提取时间2 h,红枣精油的产率随着温度的升高而增大,94.8℃时产率最高,达到36.5%;固定最佳料液比1︰4.5,最佳提取温度94.8℃,提取时间越长,精油得率越高,当提取时间为7 h时,提取率达85.9%。综合提取温度和提取时间的升高给实验造成的困难,文章得出最佳的提取条件为:料液比1︰4.5,提取温度94.8℃,提取时间5 h。

Jujube essential oil is a kind of substance which has special smell and volatility at room temperature. It has high medicinal value, health care performance, and not only can increase oxygen in the blood, nourish the body cells, but also in the areas of cough, preventing cardiovascular disease, improving immunity, stomach diseases and other effects. The paper used Lvliang jujube to extract essential oil with anhydrous ethanol as solvent. The effects of solid-liquid ratio, extraction time and extraction temperature on the yield of essential oil were studied. The results showed that the extraction temperature 85 ℃, the extraction time 2h, the best ratio of solid-liquid was I ： 4.5, the yield of essential oil was 27.1%; Fixing the optimum solid-liquid ratio 1 ： 4.5, the extraction time 2 h, The yield increased with the increase of temperature, the yield reached the highest at 94.8 ℃ol 36.5 %; Fixing the optimum solid-liquid ratio I ： 4.5, the best extraction temperature 94.8 ℃, The longer extraction time, the higher the yield of essential oil , When the extraction time was 7h, the extraction rate reached 85.9 %. Considering the comprehensive factors of solid-liquid ratio,extraction temperature and extraction time,the best extraction condition was obtained： solid-liquid ratio 1 ： 4.5, extraction temperature 94.8 ℃, extraction time 5 h.