金针菇子实体多糖抗新城疫病毒活性及对鸡免疫器官的影响

Anti-Newcastle Disease Virus Activityof Polysaccharide Fractions from Flammulina velutipes Fruiting Bodies and Their Effect on Chicken Immune Organ Indices

金针菇(Flammulina velutipes)子实体经脱脂、水提、醇沉、离子交换柱层析分离得到多糖组分FVP30A、FVP30B、FVP60A和FVP60B。用先加多糖后接种病毒(A)、先接种病毒后加多糖(B)、病毒与多糖同时添加(C)3种给药方式研究分离得到的4个多糖组分对成纤维鸡胚细胞抗新城疫病毒(Newcastle disease virus,NDV)的影响。结果表明:在给药方式A和C下,FVP30A和FVP30B在50、100μg/mL作用浓度下,能显著减轻NDV病毒对成纤维鸡胚细胞的损伤,其中FVP30A效果明显好于FVP30B,并且其作用效果具有浓度依赖性。分别用添加0.01%和0.04%FVP30A的饲料饲喂5日龄白羽肉鸡30d,添加量为0.01%处理中成鸡的脾脏、胸腺和法氏囊指数比正常对照组分别提高了30.6%、24.5%和15.0%。实验表明:金针菇子实体中具有抗NDV活性的多糖,将活性多糖按一定量添加在饲料中,对鸡的免疫功能有一定的促进作用。

Polysaccharide fractions FVP30A, FVP30B, FVP60A and FVP60B, isolated from Flammulina velutipes fruit bodies by degreasing, water extraction, ethanol precipitation and ion exchange column chromatography, were tested for anti-Newcastle disease virus （NDV） activity using chick embryo fibroblast cells. Three reaction sequences were adopted for this purpose： [A] addition of polysaccharide prior to NDV, [B] addition of NDV prior to polysaccharide, and [C] addition of NDV and polysaccharide simultaneously. Fraction FVP30A at 50 and 100 μg/mL concentrations significantly reduced the injury to chick embryo fibroblast cells by NDV in a concentration-dependent manner when reaction sequences [A] and [C] were adopted. Fraction FVP30B was also effective although to a lesser extent. Spleen, thymus and bursa indices of five-day old broiler chickens fed a diet supplemented with 0. 01% and 0. 04% FVP30A for 30 d were increased by 30.6%, 24.5% and 15.0%, respectively compared with controls. Our data indicate that F. velutipes fruiting bodies contain polysaccharides with anti-NDV activity, which can also be used as a food supplement to improve the immune function of chickens.