重大建设项目工程移民贫困驱动机理

Poverty Driving Mechanism of Project-induced Migration

本文意在探讨非自愿性移民"后工程"时代致贫的驱动机理。通过引入生活、经济、社会和政策环境等外部因素,构建工程移民贫困因素的多分类Logistic模型,以三峡工程库区湖北段秭归县工程移民为例,通过实证分析进一步揭示各因素对工程移民贫困的影响程度。研究表明,非自愿性移民在建设项目完成后生活贫困现象较为严重,表现为高贫困率、深度贫困、低就业率和低收入等特征;工程移民贫困驱动机理较为复杂,其中迁入地商贸条件,借贷环境,安置补偿和后期扶持政策皆对工程移民贫困影响显著,基于分析结果,结合社会融合等多系统目标针对各影响因子提出工程移民贫困治理对策建议。

Constructing a muhinomial logistic regression model of external environment driven mechanism of urban migrant poverty introducing external environmental factors, such as life, economic, social and policy environment, this paper analyzes the driving mechanism and influencing factors of urban involuntary migration poverty. Taking Zigui County in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area as an example, this paper makes an empirical analysis and further reveals the influence degree of each factor on urban immigrant poverty. The results showed that：After the completion of the construction project, the phenomenon of urban involuntary migration poverty is more serious, showing a high poverty rate, deep poverty, low employment rate and low income;The external driving mechanism of project migration is more complex, including the living environment, economic environment, social environment and policy environment. Influential factors such as local business conditions, credit environment, resettlement compensation and late supporting policies have significant impact on the urban immigrant poverty. Based on the results of the analysis, the paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions for the poverty control of engineering immigrants combining with multiple objectives such as social integration.