围绝经期妇女生活质量、社会支持与生活事件的相关性研究

Relationship of quality of life,social support and life events in menopausal women

目的了解围绝经期妇女生活质量现状,探讨围绝经期妇女生活质量、社会支持与生活事件间的相互关系。方法2016年1月至2017年2月,采用便利抽样抽取某三级综合医院妇产科就诊的围绝经期妇女413名为研究对象。以围绝经期妇女相关健康状况调查表、绝经生活质量问卷、社会支持评定量表和生活事件量表,对调查对象的生活质量、社会支持和生活事件进行评估。结果生活质量量表总分为(63.91±29.57),躯体症状是影响围绝经期妇女生活质量最重要的健康问题。社会支持评定量表总分为(42.72±6.95),生活事件量表的总分为(34.6±8.72)分。生活事件和社会支持对围绝经期妇女的生活质量均有直接预测作用,生活事件通过社会支持对生活质量起到间接预测作用。结论构建有效的社会支持系统,提高围绝经期妇女的社会支持利用度,尤其是近期遭遇生活事件的高危人群的社会支持,以改善其生活质量和躯体和心理健康状态。

Objective To explore the related factors of quality of life among menopausal women, and to examine the in- teraction effect of stressful life events and social support on quality of life. Methods Totally 413 menopausal women were select- ed using convenient sampling method. Menopause-specific quality of life questionnaire, social support rating scale, and life event scale were used for evaluation. Results The total score of quality of life was 63.91 _＋29.57, and physical symptoms was the most important health problem of menopausal women. The total score of social support was 42.72＋6.95, and that of life event was 34.6：t：8.72. Life events and social support had direct effect on life quality of menopausal women and life events had indirect effect on life quality of menopausal women through social support. Conclusion The results suggest improvement of social sup- port, particularly among those who have recently experienced significant life events, may be important to improve the quality of life in menopausal women.