不同污水灌溉和施肥条件下土壤氮素对春玉米生长的影响

The Influence of Soil Nitrogen for Growth of Spring Corn with Different Wastewater Irrigation and Fertilization

田间实验设置了3种灌溉水质(清水、出水和初级水)、2种施肥水平(施肥和不施肥)6个处理,3组重复。结果表明:春玉米的产量的变化为T6(初级水)>T3(施肥+出水+清水)>T2(施肥+出水+清水)>T4(施肥+出水+清水)>T5(出水)>T1(施肥+清水),其中,T6产量高达11843kg·ha-1,与T1处理相比增加了52%;T3、T2和T4的增产率为35%、25%和18%。春玉米的吸氮量变化为T6>T3>T4>T2>T5>T1,其中,T6处理的总施氮量为490kg·ha-1,而吸氮量为273kg·ha-1,表明一部分氮素留在了环境中。春玉米的生长和产量没有相关性,前期施肥可促进春玉米的成长,但对增加产量效果不大;初级污水灌溉可明显提高春玉米的产量,但若控制不当,很可能通过淋失造成水体的污染。

Three kinds of water quality（ fresh water,treated sewage and untreated sewage）,two levels of fertilizer（ fertilized and unfertilized） were designed in this field test. There were totally 6 treatments and 3 duplications. The results indicated that changes of spring maize yield is T6（ untreated sewage） 〉T3（ fertilized ＋ treated sewage ＋ fresh water） 〉T2（ fertilized ＋ treated sewage＋fresh water） 〉T4（ fertilized＋treated sewage＋fresh water） 〉T5（ treated sewage） 〉T1（ fertilized＋fresh water）. Wherein,the yield reached 11843 kg·ha^-1 in T6,and with an increase of 52% compared with the T1 treatment. The rate of increase production was 35%,25% and 18% in T3 T2 and T4. The nitrogen content change of spring maize was T6〉T3〉T4〉T2〉T5〉T1. Though the total amount of nitrogen application was 490 kg · ha^-1,the absorption of nitrogen was 273 kg·ha^-1 in T6 treatment,and it indicated that a part of nitrogen remain in the environment. There is no correlation between spring maize growth and yield. The fertilizer can promote the growth of spring maize,but had little effect on increasing yield. The untreated sewage irrigation can increase the yield of maize,but,it is probably caused the water pollution through leaching under loss the improper control.