土地规模化流转背景下农业雇工受雇现状及问题分析

Current Situation and Problems of Agricultural Employees Under Background of Rural Land Circulation on Large-scale

土地规模化流转背景下雇佣经营成为我国农业发展的客观现象和新趋势,农业雇工在缓解农村剩余劳动力就业压力和满足规模化经营需要两方面具有重要作用。从土地流转、农业机械化和土地规模化经营逻辑关系角度,揭示农业雇工生成机制。基于实地调研、采访及官方统计资料,系统阐述农业雇佣生产基本现状。研究发现,土地规模化流转背景下农业雇工特征表现为,数量增加的同时青壮年劳动力雇佣难,数量和质量供给不足导致雇佣雇工成本高,雇工群体农业技能水平偏低,劳动强度较大。通过分析农业雇工受雇过程中存在的问题,提出优化对策建议,以期为相关研究提供参考依据。

Employment operation under the background of large-scale rural land circulation has become an objective phenomenon and a new trend in the process of agricultural development in China. Agricultural employees play an important role in alleviating the employment pressure on surplus rural labor force and meeting the needs of large-scale operations. This paper revealed the generative mechanism of agricultural employees from the perspective of the logical relationship among land circulation, agricultural mechanization and large-scale management. Based on the field research, interviews and official statistics, this paper systematically expounded the basic current situation of the agricultural employment production. The study found that the characteristics of agricultural employees in the context of land-scale circulation were as the followings, the employment of young and middle-aged employees was difficult, while the numbers of agricultural employees increased, high costs of employing agricultural employees with the inadequate supply, the low level of agricultural skills among agricultural employees and the high labor intensity. By analyzing the problems in the employment of agricultural employees, optimized suggestions were proposed to provide a reference for the relevant researches.