翻译与现代汉语结构容量的变化——以“介词……方位词”结构为例

The Influence of Translation on Modern Chinese in Load Capacity:A Case Study of “Prep..Localizer”Construction

本文基于英汉翻译历时类比语料库,以"介词……方位词"结构为例,对20世纪上半期和最近20年汉语翻译语言和原创语言的结构容量进行了考察,认为语言内部因素不足以解释现代汉语结构容量的扩增,语言接触,尤其是英汉翻译,可以为此提供较为合理的解释。研究发现:现代汉语"介词……方位词"的结构容量在总体上有所扩增,主要体现为结构内嵌的修饰成分增多,中心词的修饰语结构复杂化,以及中心词语义和语法功能扩张等方面,这既是间接语言接触的结果,也反映了语言自身发展的需要,但受到语言自身调节机制的制约,结构容量的扩增只是相对意义上的。

Based on a diachronic comparison between translated and original Chinese in early 20th century and recent 20 years,this article reports on a study of the load capacity of the ＂prep.（ preposition）. localizer＂construction,assuming that the sudden expansion of structures＇ load capacity in modern Chinese couldn＇t find a felicitous account in language-internal factors,and it might find an explanation in language-contact,or specifically,the influence of English-Chinese translation. The research findings suggest that expansion of the construction＇s load capacity is mainly manifested by longer and more complicated attributives modifying head words,and the semantic and syntactic expansion of head words,as a result of both indirect language contact and the internal need of original Chinese for development. However,expansion of load capacity is only restricted under the constraint of original Chinese through its selfadjustment process.