“单线加工”还是“多线加工”?——语义P600研究的争议与最新进展

Single-stream Processing or Multi-stream Processing?——A Review on the Debate over and Frontiers of the “Semantic P600” Study

"语义P600效应"由语法正确但语义角色错配的句子所激发,近年来成为句子加工ERP研究中的热点和难点。十几年来,围绕"语义P600效应"的解读,学界出现了"单线路"和"多线路"两种加工模式,二者就语义是否独立于句法加工以及P600成分的功能展开了激烈的争论。本文详细梳理了这场争论的发展脉络、两种模式的基本观点、支持证据及面临的问题,认为语义P600反映的很可能是语言同其它认知模块的关系问题,最后对今后语义P600研究的发展方向和趋势进行了展望。

The interpretation of the ＂semantic P600＂effects triggered by sentences which are grammatically correct but contain mismatched semantic roles is one of the hot topics in the ERP study of sentence processing. For more than ten years ever since their discovery,there have been two competing models,namely the multi-stream and the singlestream model in accounting for the ＂semantic P600＂effects. These two models had a vehement debate over whether semantic processing is independent from the syntactic one and over the functions of P600 components. This paper firstly introduces the origin and influence factors of ＂semantic P600 effects＂. Then,it combs through and compares the theoretical stances and supporting empirical evidences of the two models,pointing out that what the ＂semantic P600 effects＂reflect might be the relationship between language and other modules in our cognition. Finally it points out the directions and tendencies in relevant studies.