精神疾病共病高血压病的调查

Survey of mental disorders comorbided with hypertension

目的 调查精神疾病患者共病高血压病的现状,探讨相关的危险因素.方法 回顾性分析河北医科大学第一医院精神卫生科住院的精神疾病患者,采用自制量表调查所有患者共病高血压病的情况,分析精神疾病共病高血压病的危险因素.结果 （1）2770例患者中,男性1234例（44.5%）,女性1536例（55.5%）;其中共病高血压病者528例（19.1%）.（2）不同精神疾病患者共病高血压病的比例：精神分裂症10.6%,双相障碍10.7%,抑郁症24.7%,焦虑障碍29.0%,应激障碍20.0%,器质性精神疾病41.8%,其他19.8%;各组间的差异有统计学意义（χ2=124.90,P〈0.01）.（3）年龄大、精神疾病的病程长、患器质性精神疾病是精神疾病共病高血压病的危险因素.结论 综合医院精神科住院患者共病高血压病的比例为19.1%,其中器质性疾病共病高血压病的比例最高,精神分裂症和双相障碍患者共病高血压病的比例最低.

Objective To investigate the status and risk factors of comorbid hypertension in pa-tients with mental disorders. Methods Retrospective analysis of hospitalized patients with mental disorders in Department of Mental Health, the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University was conducted. Self-made scale was used to survey the status of comorbid hypertension in patients with mental disorders. Risk factors of comorbid hypertension in patients with mental disorders were analyzed. Results （1） In 2 770 patients, 1 234 （44.5%） were male, and 1 536 （55.5%） were female. Comorbid hypertension was found in 528 （19.1%） patients. （2） The rate of comorbid hypertension was 10.6% in schizophrenia group, 10.7% in bipolar disorder group, 24.7% in depression group, 29.0% in anxiety disorder group, 20.0% in stress disorder group, 41.8% in organic psychosis group and 19.8% in other diseases group. Significant difference was found among all groups （χ2=124.90,P〈0.01）. （3） Old age, long course of mental disorders and sufferring from organic psydosis were risk factors of comorbid hyperten-sion in patients with mental disorders. Conclusions The rate of comorbid hypertension in hospitalized patients with mental disorders in general hospital is 19.1%. The rate of comorbid hypertension is highest in patients with organic psychosis, while lowest in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.