不含铜类防污剂海洋防污涂料研制及性能

Development and Performance of Copper Antifoulant-free Marine Biocide Antifouling Paints

目的合成具有可控水解性能的丙烯酸锌基体树脂,用该树脂制备不含任何铜类防污剂的海洋防污涂料。方法两步法合成具有可控水解性能的丙烯酸锌基体树脂,用该基体树脂配以有机防污剂Econea、吡啶硫酮锌、吡啶三苯基硼烷等以及颜填料、助剂等制备不含任何铜类防污剂的自抛光海洋防污涂料。通过实海挂板试验、电化学阻抗性能测试、动态模拟试验对涂层进行表征。结果丙烯酸预聚物的数均分子量控制在30 000左右较为合适,即聚合反应温度控制在100℃、引发剂用量为8份时较为合适。采用自制的氢氧化锌、环烷酸以及丙烯酸预聚物制备的丙烯酸锌基体树脂具有良好的水解性能,制备的无铜自抛光防污涂料经36个月实海挂板试验验证,具有优异的防污期效。由于不含任何铜类防污剂,不会引起铝制基材表面电化学腐蚀,特别适用于铝制基材表面的防污。结论该不含任何铜类防污剂的环保型丙烯酸锌自抛光海洋防污涂料具有优异的防污性能,能够防止海洋附着生物对船底和其他海洋设施的污损,同时不会对海洋生态环境产生危害,特别是可以满足铝合金基材表面等对涂料有特殊要求的一些场合的防污需求。

The work aims to synthesize zinc acrylate matrix resin with controllable hydrolysis properties, and prepare marine antifouling paints without any copper antifouling agent with this resin. The zinc acrylate matrix resin with controllable hydrolysis properties was synthesized in two steps. The self-polishing marine antifouling paints were made from this matrix resin, organic antifouling agent Econea, Zn PT, PK, pigments, fillers, additives, etc. The coating was characterized by performing hanging plate test in sea area, electrochemical performance test and dynamic simulation test. The resin would meet the requirements provided with average molecular weight of crylic acid prepolymer of nearly 30000, i.e., 8.0% initiator and reaction temperature of 100 ℃. The zinc acrylic resin made from self-made zinc hydroxide and naphthenic acid and acrylic prepolymer exhibited good hydrolytic properties. The paints without any copper antifouling agent had excellent antifouling property after 36 months of hanging plate test in sea area. The self-polishing antifouling paints without any copper antifouling agent were especially suitable for antifouling of aluminum base materials because they did not cause electrochemical corrosion of aluminum substrate surface. The environmental-friendly zinc acrylic self-polishing marine antifouling paints without any copper antifouling agent exhibit excellent antifouling properties and can protect marine organisms from fouling hull bottom and other marine facilities. Meanwhile, the paints will not cause harm to the marine ecological environment, can especially meet special require-ments for coatings such as aluminum alloy material surface.