丹霞地貌造型景观成因初探

The First Exploration of Sculptural Landscape for Danxia Landform

通过野外调查和室内研究,对龟峰、石城丹霞地貌区的景观类型、成因及形成条件进行了分析总结。根据地貌景观形态及其形成的地质作用方式等综合因素,将龟峰丹霞地貌区的造型景观分为龟型石、残余型造型景观及丹霞洞穴3类,石城丹霞地貌区分为龟裂凸包、崩塌残余型景观及丹霞洞穴。通过对两个典型丹霞地貌区造型景观类型及其成因的分析和对比研究,了解到丹霞地貌造型景观的形成与研究区出露红层的岩石学性质、地层产状、构造特征及气候条件密切相关。最佳成景要素是厚层红色砾岩、砂砾岩、砂岩(龟裂凸包型丹霞地貌主要为细砂岩或粉砂岩),地形高差大、节理发育、气候湿润、雨量充沛、地层裸露等。

Through the field investigation and indoor research, landscape types, formation causes and conditions is analyzed and summarized for Guifeng, Shicheng danxia landform area. On the basis of the landscape pattern and comprehensive geological process of its formation, the landscape modelling of Guifeng danxia landform area is divided into turtle stone type and residual type landscape shape and danxia caves, Shicheng danxia landform area is divided into turtle stone type, the landscape of collapse residues, and danxia cave. By modelling of two typical danxia landform area which of the landscape types and causes research, we know the formation of danxia landform landscape modelling is closely related to rocks of the red layer, the attitude of stratum, structure features and climatic conditions. The best landscape genesis elements is the thick, red conglomerate , glntenite, sandstone type （turtle stone type is mainly fine sandstone and siltstone）, large elevation difference, joint development, humid climate, plenty rainfall, formation exposed.