幼龄橡胶树行间覆盖绿肥效益分析

The benefit analysis of young rubber trees inter-row green manure coverage

通过研究幼龄胶园行间覆盖不同绿肥后对土壤温湿度、养分含量、酶活性及胶树生长的影响,分析了覆盖绿肥的生态效益和经济效益。结果发现:幼龄胶园覆盖绿肥改变了土壤生态环境,提高土壤pH值,有利于矿质养分的释放与循环;累积的大量绿肥可作为还田有机物,减缓胶园土壤的有机质、全氮、碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾含量的降低。综合覆盖初期投入成本,柱花草、葛藤和山毛豆+柱花草覆盖平均每株橡胶树投入分别为45.89、46.53和49.56元,比对照的42.36元有所增加,但随着胶园行间覆盖绿肥完整后,物资和人工投入逐步低于不覆盖的投入。研究结果为改善幼龄胶园行间覆盖绿肥技术奠定科学基础,并为制定科学合理的胶园覆盖管理技术提供依据。

The changes of soil temperature, humidity, nutrient content, enzyme activator, and tree growth were studied in young rubber garden after row covering with different green manure. The ecological and economic benefits of green manure cov- erage in rubber garden were analyzed. The results showed that young rubber garden covering with different green manure to dif- ferent extent changed the soil ecological environment, improved the soil pH value, mineral nutrient release and circulation. The accumulation of a large number of green manure which returned as organic material in the field was benefit to the soil organic matter, total nitrogen, alkali solution nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium content. In the initial comprehensive cover period, the average input cost for per plant of Z, G and SZ treat was 45.89, 46. 53 and 49. 56 yuan, respectively, which was higher than that of the control group （42. 36 yuan）. But with green manure recycling, supplies and manual input gradually decreased to be less than that of control. The results could provide a scientific basis for improving the green manure technology and cover management technology in young rubber garden.