中国内地25例输入性寨卡病毒病病例流行病学与临床特征分析

Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 25 imported Zika cases in China's Mainland

目的了解中国内地25例输入性寨卡病毒病病例流行病学和临床特征,为寨卡病毒病防控工作提供参考依据。方法 2016年2月至2017年5月,收集中国内地25例输入性寨卡病毒病病例基本情况、流行病学暴露史、临床表现、实验室检测等信息进行描述性分析。结果 25例输入性病例输入来源国以委内瑞拉最多(17/25,占68.0%),年龄中位数为30岁,男女性别比为1.5∶1,职业分布以商业服务者最多(12/25,占48.0%),发现方式以入境检疫和健康随访发现较多(均为9例,各占36.0%)。所有病例均出现皮疹,出现结膜炎和发热的比例分别为64.0%及52.0%;病例标本实验室检测阳性率依次为尿液(92.0%)、唾液(80.0%)和血液(60.0%)。结论加强对赴美洲等有寨卡病毒流行国家出境人员的健康教育,使其掌握寨卡病毒病防控知识;加强自疫情国家入境人员的检验检疫;皮疹、尿液阳性可作为诊断寨卡病毒病的重要依据。

Objective To understand the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 25 imported Zika cases inChina's Mainland, and to provide reference for the prevention and control of Zika disease. Methods Collect the informationof 25 imported Zika cases in China's Mainland, and use descriptive study to analyze the characteristics of demography,epidemiology, clinic, and laboratory. Results Among 25 imported Zika cases, 17 cases（68.0%） came from Venezuela, themedian age of all cases was 30, the ratio of male to female was 1.5∶1, and half the number of cases（12/25, 48.0%） engaged incommercial services. The border quarantine and health follow-up were the main methods to discover the imported cases（each found 9 cases）. All cases had skin rash, and the proportion of conjunctivitis and fever was 64.0% and 52.0%,respectively. In laboratory test, the positive rate of urine sample was 92.0%, followed by saliva sample（80.0%） and bloodsample（60.0%）. Conclusion Strengthening the health education for people who will enter the Americas and otherepidemic countries, and consolidating the border screening and inspection of travelers from the Zika epidemic areas willhelp to prevent and control Zika in China. Skin rash and positive result of urine sample can be considered as importantreferences to the diagnoses of Zika disease.