6090名朝汉族新生儿听力筛查结果分析

Analysis of 6090 Han nationality and Korean nationality cases of newborn hearing screening

目的分析6090名朝、汉族新生儿听力筛查(newborn hearing screening,NHS)结果,探讨影响通过率的因素。方法采用瞬态诱发耳声发射(transiently evoked otoacoustic emission,TEOAE)对2012年1月~2014年12月在延边大学附属医院出生的6090名新生儿进行听力初筛,分析民族,性别、耳别、体重和窒息程度对通过率的影响。结果对延吉市新生儿听力筛查结果显示:(1)筛查通过率93.50%;(2)左耳通过93.05%(5667/6090),右耳通过率94.94%(5782/6090),右耳通过率高于左耳,两者之间比较有统计学意义(χ~2=19.247,P<0.001);(3)所有婴儿中,男婴通过率92.84%(2994/3225),女婴通过率94.24%(2700/2865),女婴通过率高于男婴,两者之间比较有统计学意义(χ~2=23.543,P<0.001);(4)汉族通过通过率93.56%(2704/2890),朝鲜族通过率93.44%(2990/3200),汉族与朝鲜族之间无统计学意义(χ~2=0.04,P>0.05);(5)正常新生儿通过率94.18%(5360/5691),轻度窒息新生儿通过率90.32%(313/347),重度窒息新生儿通过率40.75%(21/52),各组之间比较有统计学意义(χ~2=256.891,P<0.001);(6)体重正常新生儿通过通过率96.52%(4702/4872),低体重新生儿通过通过率70.81%(432/610),超重新生儿通过率92.10%(560/608),各组之间比较有统计学意义(χ~2=646.168,P<0.001),体重正常的新生儿通过率高于低体重新生儿,两者之间比较有统计学意义(χ~2=657.171,P<0.001)。结论 (1)朝、汉族新生儿筛查通过率无明显差异;(2)不同性别、耳别通过率差异可能与新生儿先天解剖结构有关;(3)NHS通过率与新生儿窒息程度及低体重相关,复筛时对有相关危险因素的新生儿应加强关注。

Objective To explore the factors which influence the pass rate of newborn hearing screening,we analyzed 6090 results of Han nationality and Korean nationality newborn hearing screening. Methods We used the transient evoked otoacoustic emission（TEOAE）for neonatal hearing screening. 6090 neonates who went to Yanbian university hospital from 1 January 2012 to December 2014 did it at birth,then we analyzed if different nationalities,gender,weight,degree of asphyxia will influence screening pass rate. Results（1）Screening pass rate was 93.50% on average;（2）Left ear pass rate was 93.05%（5667/6090）,the right ear pass rate was 94.94%（5782/6090）,the difference was statistically significant（χ~2=19.247,P〈0.001）between the two sides;（3）Male pass rate was 92.84%（2994/3225）,the female pass rate was 94.24%（2700/2865）,the difference was statistically significant（χ~2=23.543,P〈0.001）between the sex;（4）Han nationality pass rate was 93.56%（2704/2890）,Korean nationality pass rate was 93.44%（2990/3200）,no significant difference between the two nationalities（χ~2=0.04,P〈0.05）;（5）The pass rate of Normal newborns was 94.18%（5360/5691）,the pass rate of mild neonatal asphyxia was 90.32%（313/347）,the rate of severe asphyxia newborn was 40.75%（21/52）,comparison among the groups was statistically significant（χ~2=256.891,P〈0.001）;（6）the normal weight newborns pass rate 96.52%（4702/4872）,low birth weight by the rate of 70.81%（432/610）,over-weight newborns by the rate of 92.10%（560/608）,The differ-ence was statistically significant（χ~2=646.168,P〈0.001）. Conclusion（1）Screening pass rate between nationality and sex is not significant;（2）Different gender and side of ear could lead to different pass rate,which may be caused by congenital anatomical structure of newborns. The NHS pass rate associated with the degree of neonatal asphyxia and low weight,and we should strengthen the attention,when a neonate with associated risk factors comes to do secondary screening