反垄断私人诉讼的制度构建重心——基于美国与欧盟的启示

What Needs to Be Done Now about Antitrust Private Enforcement: Based on the US and EU practice

反垄断私人执行的实施效果在竞争执法机构主导的公共执行面前相形见绌。美国早已建立了成熟的反托拉斯私人诉讼体系;欧盟在这一方面虽起步较晚,但也通过颁布一系列法令给反竞争行为的受害者提供了诸多诉讼中的有利条件。对美国与欧盟的先进经验进行批判式的学习,有助于找出适合我国反垄断私人诉讼的发展出路。提高法院的反垄断专业水平,以及适当减轻原告的证明责任,是现阶段应重点努力的方向。

In China, the effect of antitrust private enforcement is overshadowed by the effect of public enforcement driven bycompetition authorities. However, the private enforcement of antitrust laws is well established and indeed successful in the UnitedStates. Also, the European Union has issued some directives to provide favorable conditions for victims in private antitrustlawsuits. It will help us find out an effective way for China after analyzing the pros and cons about the policies concerningantitrust private enforcement in the US and EU. In this phase in China, the emphasis should be put on enhancing judges＇knowledge about antitrust laws and economic analysis, and reducing the plaintiff＇s burden of proof in some certain antitrustlawsuits.