英国保障性老年公寓特点及发展对我国的启示

Features and Development of Sheltered Housing in the UK and the Revelations to China

本文通过研究英国保障性老年公寓的概念、发展沿革、经营模式、经济指标以及建筑特点,提炼出英国保障性老年公寓所具备的自主性较强、私密性较高、经济性较好等特征;论证了保障性老年公寓适应我国未富先老的国情,能满足老人原居安老的生活需求;结合我国实践,提出现有老年公寓的硬件条件具备发展为保障性老年公寓的可能性,老人和社会对于此类公寓的需求构成了发展保障性老年公寓的基础,我国一些具备保障性老年公寓特征的新型老年公寓起到了积极作用,也证明其在我国具有良好的发展前景。

This paper presents an analysis of conception, development, business model, economic indicators and architectural characteristics of sheltered housing in the UK. Strong autonomy, high level of privacy and economic efficiency are the main features of sheltered housing in the UK. It is shown that the sheltered housing could be applied to China and it could meet the requirements of the elderly who prefer to get older in one place. Based on the practice in China, the possibility of converting the current aging facilities into sheltered housing was put forward. Meanwhile, the social structure and demand of the elderly forming the foundation of development of sheltered housing. The new type of apartments for elderly with the features of sheltered housing has played a positive role, and they proved that sheltered housing could have a good prospect of development in China.