自噬在绝经后骨质疏松中作用的研究进展

Research progress on the role of autophagy in postmenopausal osteoporosis

绝经后骨质疏松症是临床上较为常见的疾病,严重影响许多老年女性生活质量。研究表明,自噬参与了绝经后骨质疏松的发生与发展。在机体衰老、雌激素水平下降及氧化应激水平增高等多种因素的影响下,骨组织细胞的自噬活性发生改变,进而导致了骨代谢及骨稳态的调节失控,并进一步导致骨质疏松的发生。自噬在细胞增殖、分化、凋亡及维持细胞稳态等多方面发挥重要作用,尤其也参与了促骨形成及促骨吸收的过程。近年来随着对自噬研究的不断深入,自噬活性的调控通路及其在细胞中作用的研究取得了众多进展。在查阅大量国内外的相关文献后,本文对自噬在绝经后骨质疏松症发病机制中所发挥的作用进行综述,并对自噬与骨形成、骨吸收的关系进行总结。

Postmenopausal osteoporosis is a common clinical disease which threatens the improvement of quality of life in majority of elderly females. Current research shows that autophagy plays an important role in the occurrence and development of postmenopausal osteoporosis. The activation of autophagy changes under the impact of factors such as senility, estrogen deficiency, oxidative stress, etc. , and could disturb bone homeostasis and metabolism which leads to osteoporosis. Autophagy takes part in the process of bone formation and bone resorption, and also plays an important role in cells＇ multiplication, differentiation, apoptosis, homeostasis, etc. In recent years, significant progress has been made on research related to the regulatory pathway of autophagy activation and its function in cells. After reviewed a number of domestic and foreign literatures, this article summarizes the impact of autophagy on the pathogenesis of postmenopausal osteoporosis as well as the relationship between autophagy and bone formation and bone resorption.