乳腺癌术后不同年龄段患者对延伸服务需求的调查分析

The Demands for Extended Care among Different Age Group of Postoperative Breast Cancer Patients

目的:了解乳腺癌术后不同年龄段患者对护理延伸服务的需求,为各年龄段乳腺癌术后患者开展个体化护理延伸服务提供依据。方法:应用自行设计的调查问卷,对2015年3月-2016年11月住院手术的乳腺癌患者160例进行问卷调查,按年龄段30~40岁、41~50岁、51~60岁、61~70岁分组,分析不同年龄段患者对护理延伸服务需求的差异。结果:4个年龄段患者对伤口及引流管护理的注意事项、术后饮食的注意事项、放化疗期间常见不适及处理方法这3项内容均表示需要(分值>2.5),差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而对其他10项内容的需求程度比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中大部分患者表示不需要乳房保健及乳房自查的方法、乳房重建的知识、术后性生活相关知识、术后患者有关生育方面的知识这4项护理延伸服务(分值≤2.5),并且年龄越大,对后3项的需求程度越低。结论:不同年龄段乳腺癌术后患者对本文研究的13项护理延伸服务需求程度存在不同程度的差异,其中在了解乳房重建的知识,术后性生活相关知识和了解术后有关生育方面的知识等的需求存在明显差异,并与年龄存在正相关关系。因此在临床护理工作中,应重视不同年龄患者需求的差异,并提供针对性护理延伸服务,以更好地满足患者的服务需求。

ObjectiveTo study extended care demands of different age group of breast cancer patients after operation,which would provide the basis for individualize extended care to them.Method：A total of 160 cases of breast cancer patients after operation,hospitalized from March 2015 to November 2016,were investigated by filling out self-design questionnaire.According to age,the cases were divided into four different groups,which were age from 30 to 40,41 to 50,51 to 60,61 to 70.Result： All the four age groups regarded the the do’s and don’ts incisions and drainage tubes,dietary guidance,and strategies to discomforts during radiotherapy and chemotherapy as needed with no statistical difference（score〉2.5,P〉0.05）,but expressed obvious differences in demand degree of the other ten items（P〈0.05）.Most of subjects showed little interest in acquiring knowledge of breast self-examination,breast reconstruction,postoperative sexual life,having children after operations（score≤2.5）,and the demand degree of the last three decreased with age.Conclusion： Breast cancer patients of different age groups have various degrees of demand to the 13 extended cares.And significant differences exist in items of breast reconstruction,postoperative sexual life,having children after operations,of which demand degrees decrease with age.These results suggest that we should pay attention to the different demands of different age group breast cancer patients during our clinic nursing works,so as to provide them individualized extended care and satisfy their requirements better.